Saturday, February 9, 2019

The Shadow : Class 5th Poem


The Shadow       class 5th poem
Reading is Fun
Q.1. Who is the speaker of the poem?
Ans: A little boy is the speaker of the poem.
Q.2. What are the changes that occur in the poet's shadow?
Ans: The poet's Shadow sometimes becomes bigger and some times it is so small as if there is none of it.
Q.3. What does the speaker think of his shadow in stanza 3 ?
Ans: In Stanza 3 the speaker thinks that his shadow is a coward.
Q.4. What did the speaker find one morning before the sun was up?
Ans : One morning befor the sun was up the speaker found that he has left his shadow in his bed in fast sleep.
Q.5. Why is the shadow funny?
Ans : The shadow is funny because it grows like an indian rubber ball sometimes it grows taller and some times it is so small as uf it does not even exist.

Wednesday, January 16, 2019

Formal letter purpose and format


FORMAL LETTERS

Formal letters include:
  1. Business letters
  2. Official letters
  3. Job Applications
  4. Letter to Editor of newspapers
                                         FORMAT
H.no: 144/B
Sandhya niliyam
Hyderabad-63
10 June,2014


The Editor
The Deccan Chronicle
Hyderabad.

Sir,
Subject:-


Body of the letter: 1. Introduction
                       2. Main Content
                       3. Conclusion

Thanking you,


Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly,
Dinesh Kumar
(Designation)

Informal letter writing format and sample


INFORMAL LETTERS
Informal letters are the letters written to friends, parents, relatives and acquaintances.
FORMAT
Address
Date
Dear Friend,          

                             
<Body of the letter>


   Best wishes,
    Sunny


 SAMPLE  LETTER

Question:
You are Purnima /Pavan , living at 3244, Sarita Colony, Mumbai-32. Your friend Sunitha / Sanjeev has gone to Chennai due to the transfer of her/ his father. Recollecting the sweet memories of old times, write a letter in about 100 words inviting her /him to stay with you during the vacation. Also mention the programme you have planned according to her/his liking.

Letter:

3244- Sarita Colony
Mumbai -32
18th Dec., 2014

Dear Sanjeev,
Just a quick letter to know how you are getting on in your new set-up. You left for Chennai only a month ago but I feel ages since we met. I miss you a lot especially during the  study hours when we used to sit together and discuss our doubts. Memories are still fresh -  going for a walk in the morning, playing chess on Sundays. I really miss all those sweet moments with you.
Why don't you drop in here during your vacations. We shall visit all the places we used have lots of fun. We shall meet our old friends and plan for a picnic. I am sure you will visit my place and won't disappoint me. Do write to me when you are coming. I shall pick you up you at the railway station. 
Convey my loving regards to your dad and mom. Nothing more to pen now.

With Best Wishes,
Pavan

Newspaper report writing format

REPORT WRITING

A report is a brief account of an event that has already taken place. A Report helps in recording events of importance that occurs in our day to day life. A report attempts to present the first hand information of an incident or event. A report of an event presents a record of events that took place. A report on an event includes one’s ideas, opinions and impressions on the event.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
  1. Mention the place, date, time and other relevant facts about the event.
  2. Include information collected from people around or affected by the event.
  3. Write the name of the reporter.
  4. Provide a suitable title/heading.
  5. Write in past tense.
  6. Write in reported speech and use passive form of expression.
  7. Develop ideas (causes, reasons, consequences, opinions) logically.
  8. Write in a less formal and more descriptive manner while writing a report for a school magazine.
  9. Present your ideas and impressions to make the report interesting.

                                        REPORT WRITING

                                                Tittle
                                                         By-------------


     Date;
                                           

                                           
                                            CONTENT





Article writing format

Article writing format

 ARTICLE WRITING
An article is an expression of one’s thought on an issue or a subject logically and coherently written in meaningful paragraphs.Writing an article is a challenging task. It needs creativity, good vocabulary, good knowledge of the subject and skill to organize ideas.
Purpose
To focus on themes like social concern, narrating an event, description of a place, etc.
                                                                          Format
  • Heading/Title- must be catchy and sharp
  • By- name of the author
  • Body
I Para:              Introduction -Start with a slogan, a question, an amazing fact, figure or statement.
II/III Para:         Content -Causes, effects, present state of affairs, etc.
IV Para:            Conclusion -Draw solutions and conclusions

POINTS TO REMEMBER
  1. Give a title that catches the attention of the reader.
  2. Begin with a striking opening sentence which addresses the readers and gets them interested in the topic.
  3. Present a strong argument for your ideas supporting it with evidences or elaboration.
  4. Use linking devices (however, therefore, although, even though, in order to…) to make the composition appear a whole.
  5. Introduce a new point at the beginning of an each paragraph that follows, to strengthen your ideas.
  6. Develop your ideas as much as you can to make them interesting and substantial.
  7. Conclude with your strongest point.
  8. Use passive voice, humor, emotive language, rhetorical questions to provide a specific effect.

Diary entry format and sample

Diary entry format and sample
Diary is a kind of personal document. It records an individual’s account of a day of his/her life.

Format

  1. Top left- Date, day and time.
  2. Tense Most frequently used- Simple past, Present perfect and future.
  3. First person application.
     Steps
  1. Begin the entry with general sentence describing the day or momentary feelings.
  2. In the body, you may discuss an event, your feelings towards it. How it is likely to affect your future plans.
  3. Conclude with final remark and future course of action.
    Date:
    Day:
    Time:
    Dear Diary,
                                                   
    <Content>
    Sagar
    SAMPLE DIARY ENTRY 

    Date: 7th June, 2017
    Day: Wednesday
    Time: 10:00 PM
    Dear Diary,

    I woke up at 6 o’clock in the morning. We had breakfast and dressed up. Today we all went to Fantasize Amusement park nearby at my home town. We started from home at 7 o’clock. As soon as we reached there, we bought our tickets and went inside. I was so excited seeing the rides. My parents and brother liked the “Thunderfall ride”. My favorite rides were Water Splash, Caterpillar Ride, Wave Pool and Pirate Ship. After a couple of hours we had our lunch. In the afternoon we had the scariest ride that is the Space Gun. We got back to our home in the evening. It was a great day and I enjoyed a lot. 

    (Name

    Email tips to compose format and sample

    Email tips to compose format and sample
    E-mail, also known as Electronic Mail is a method of exchanging digital messages across internet or other computer networks. It is the quickest way to communicate in writing.

    E-mail messages consist of two major sections:
    1. Header consisting of- subject, sender, receiver, date and time.
    2. Body which contains the message. It can be formal/informal letter depending on the purpose

    Tips on composing E-mails:
    Subject
    • It should be brief
    • It should give a clue to the content of the message
    • It need not be a complete sentence
    • Salutation
    Dear Sir/first name of the person
    • Opening Statement
    Begin with a pleasantry or greeting
    When replying a message- Thank you for your message/ I received your message
    • Clarity and tone
    When you expect a reply-‘Please let me know’
    When you want help-‘please’ or ‘kindly’
    • Paragraphs
    Each main idea should be in a separate paragraph. 
    Use complete sentence. Do not use SMS language.
    • Complimentary close
    Regards/Love
    Name

      FORMAT OF AN E-MAIL
     
    Date

    To

    CC

    BCC

    Subject



                                                                             Content







    Regards.
    Name
    QUESTION:
    You are Mr Deepak, the librarian of KV AFA. Write an email to Rana book depot, Hyderabad requesting them to cancel your order for English literary books and Children's story book. Give reasons for cancellation of the order.
    Date

    To

    CC

    BCC

    Subject: Cancellation of our order.


    Dear sir,
    I would like to bring to your kind notice reagrding the order on behalf of the principal on 15/08/2014 for supply of English literary books and Children's story books . The supply was supposed to be received by this school on or before 15/08/2014. But sorry to say that the books have not been received till date and also no communication has been made from your side for the delay.

    Hence the school has placed the order for these books to other book depot due to urgency of the books. The said order may be treated as canceled.

    Thank You,
    Yours sincerely,


    Deepak.
    Librarian
    .

    Message writing format and sample : for All Classes

    MESSAGE WRITING
    A message is the method of conveying information in a precise and clear manner.

    • How to write a message effectively:
    • Use appropriate language, style and format.
    • It can be written both in a formal and informal tone.
    • Be clear, brief and direct

    General Instructions for message writing:
    1. A message does not need an address.
    2. The message must be put in a box.
    3. The key points are to be very brief and precise
    4. Message should be written in reported speech.
    5. Mention date and time of writing the message .
    6. Name and signature of the sender should be put at the end of the message.
    7. Abbreviations and symbols can be used in writing a message .
    � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �MESSAGE

    DATE
    TIME�
    SALUTATION
    � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � CONTENT�
    � � �

    � � � WRITER’S NAME


    QUESTION:
    Read the conversation between Sam and Joseph. Sam was going out and so he left a message for his father. Write the message in about 50 words.
    Joseph: Can I speak to Mr. Simon?
    Sam: I am sorry. He is out of station.
    Joseph: When is he expected back?
    Sam: He will be home by tomorrow evening.
    Joseph: Could you please remind him that Anil's wedding is on December 30? We had planned to go
    together. But since my son is in hospital, I will not be going for the wedding. George is going and he can join him. Tell him to give me a ring when he comes back.
    Sam: Sure, uncle.
    Joseph: Thank you, Sam.




    � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �SAMPLE MESSAGE
    18th December, 2014
    10:30 am


    Dad,

    Mr. Joseph called to remind you that Anil's wedding is on 30th December. He and you had planned earlier to go together. But due to hospitalisation of his son, he will not be able to go for the wedding. You can accompany Mr.George for the occasion. Call him when you are back.



    Sam.

    Speech Writing : Classb 10th

    Speech Writing
    Here are their tips:
    1. Pick Your Main Ideas. Don't try to put too many ideas into your speech. ...
    2. Write Like You Talk. Remember that you're writing a speech, not an essay. ...
    3. Use Concrete Words and Examples. Concrete details keep people interested. ...
    4. Get Your Facts Together. ...
    5. Persuade With a Classic Structure. ...
    6. Simplify.

    Speeches are always well-planned, well organised and presentable items of writing. In class 10th, you are given the outline, and this makes your problem easy. You only need to organise the outline properly. The outline has to be supported by your deep understanding of the content. You must be capable of building threads of ideas with your ready instrument of coherence (unity achieved in terms of ideas) and cohesion (unity achieved in terms of language). Your appropriate style of solution and the tone of voice determine the standard of your speech. So newer dream to go to the extent of your thought while developing a speech.

     Specimen speeches                                   word limit (150-200)
    (I).Arjuman of class 10th, of HSS Behrampora prepares a speech on world book day for the morning assembly. She makes outline as given below.
                                                         Importance of Books
    Books are full of wisdom.
    Available at libraries.
    Books enrich our knowledge, update us, and come to our rescue when we feel bored.
    Easily affordable at book shops.
    Keep the record of civilization.
    Guarantee a better future, excites us to do extraordinary things.
    Internet is no match to good books.
    Q1. If you by yourself are Arjuman, how will you prepare the content of the speech for morning assembly?
    Ans. Worthy principal, respected teachers, my dear brothers and sisters, I am Arjuman of class 10th enjoying the privilege to speak before you on the topic “importance of books”.
    Respected listeners: Books are one of the most valuable inventions of man. There is no denying of the fact that books are life and breathe for a wise and enterprising man to rise to the cherished heights. Every extraordinary person is, by one way or the other, indebted to the wisdom of books. People who have burnt mid night oil on books have finally worked wonders.
    Respected listeners: Can we ever think of qualifying IAS, KAS, AIEEE, MBBS AIEEE and other prestigious examinations without the support of books. Can we afford to pass the board examination without having books close to our breasts?  Can we afford to underestimate the role of books in our career building? No, my respected listeners, we cant- because for reaching the cherished heights we need strength and that strength lies in the books.
    Respected listeners: Books speak to me. They know nothing but wisdom. They are the custodians of extraordinary human endeavour, be it science, art, literature or other disciplines. The great man who ever lived in the world are been breathing deep in the books. The best thing about books is that they are affordable as well as easily available everywhere. They never cease to enrich the knowledge and update their beholder.
    Listeners, whenever we feel bored, books come to our rescue. When we are isolated books extend their sweet company. They provide food to our leisure. They recreate us. They give us the feel of past civilizations. They help us relish the best literature write-ups. They make us embrace good qualities of diverse civilizations and rise to the extraordinary heights.
    Respected listeners, why do we compare book reading to the internet surfing. They have no match. Books are time tested where as internet content may or may not be trustworthy. Books guarantee the single mindedness f the reader whereas internet makes the reader a rambler. So, dear listeners in order to suck the nector of knowledge to the utmost we have to have books most dear to all the muses. It is here where the secret of our better career and idealistic life lies.
    Thanks.

    Before you begin writing you need:

    • Your speech OUTLINE with your main ideas ranked in the order you're going to present them.
      (If you haven't done one complete this 4 step sample speech outline. It will make the writing process much easier.)
    • Your RESEARCH
    • You also need to know WHO you're speaking to, the PURPOSE of the speech and HOW long you're speaking for

    Basic speech construction

    Your speech will have three parts:
    1. an opening or introduction
    2. the body where you present your main ideas
    3. an ending
    Split your time allowance so that you spend approximately 70% on the body and 15% each on the introduction and ending.

    How to write the speech

    • Write your main ideas out incorporating your examples and research
    • Link them together making sure each flows in a smooth, logical progression
    • Write your ending, summarizing your main ideas briefly and end with a call for action
    • Write your introduction considering the 'hook' you're going to use to get your audience listening
    • An often quoted saying to explain the process is:
      Tell them what you're going to tell them (Introduction)
      Tell them (Body of your speech - the main ideas plus examples)
      Tell them what you told them (The ending)

    TEST before presenting. Read aloud several times to check the flow of material, the suitability of language and the timing.

    Writting Skill : Notice Writing : Class 10th

    NOTICE WRITTING
    A notice is written in order to inform people or pupils (in a school) about an event or an activity. It could be a competition to take place in near future or any other activity especially in school like an excursion, a meeting, or a show.
    Characteristics of an effective notice
    A good notice is always to the point and leaves no scope for further  enquiries without compromising on the word limit (50 words).its language is very formal .there must be clarity in the purpose .it should contain all the necessary details such as;
    1. Name of the issuing agency (school).
    2. Title, and date of issue (release of the notice).
    3. Event (what?).
    4. Date / time duration (when?).
    5. Place /venue (where?).
    6. Authorised signatory: name and signature.
    Format of a notice
    I. Box the notice (i.e. put it inside a rectangle box).
    ii. Inside the box, right notice, in capitals on the top most line cantered.
    iii. Leave a line after this.
    iv. Wright a caption/heading on the next line –short and catchy.
    v. Now fill in the date of issue.
    vi. Start the first paragraph slightly intended (a little bit away from the margin).expand it on the heading given above.vii. The second paragraph (optional) has to include important details of content, answering questions like what /where /when /for whom/how/the last date by which the response has to be sent, etc.
    viii. After leaving a line, write the name or designation of the issuing authority (given in the question generally).
    ix. Use passive voice/third person where ever appropriate.
    Exercises
    Q1-(page=193 of text book)-section B (writing), question -2

    Sample Notice Writting

    Govt. Higher Secondary School Bathandi ,Jammu

     Notice

    Help us fight cancer

    5th April 10
         The J and K Cancer Society help the people especially the poor fight cancer by bearing the expenses on treatment, and by arranging free medical check-ups.
         The school wants all the students to contribute to the cause generously by depositing some MONEY in the office of the undersigned. The students may also request their parents for the contribution.
                                                                                                                                      Incharge NSS Club
                                                                                                                                               Karan

    Tuesday, January 15, 2019

    Know About Your State- J & K : Geography 8th



    A.  Study the local map of Srinagar and answer the following:-

    1. What is the Longitudinal and Latitudinal extent of J & K?
    Ans. The Latitudinal extent of J & K is 32° 17’ north and 37° 6’ and Longitudinal extent is 73° 26’east and 80° 30’east.
    2. Name the neighbouring states/countries of J&K along with directions.
    Ans. In the North side the neighbours are China and Afghanistan, in the west Pakistan and in the south side is Punjab (State) and Himachal Pradesh (state).
    3. On which side of the Jhelum is the major portion of Srinagar situated?
    Ans. Major Portion of Srinagar is situated on the north side of Jhelum.
    4. On which side of Srinagar is the Qazigund – Baramulla railway line situated?
    Ans. The Qazigund – Baramulla railway line is situated on the west side of the Srinagar.
    5. In which direction is the Srinagar railway station situated?
    Ans. It is situated in North South direction.
    6. In which direction of Srinagar is Dal Lake?
    Ans. It is in the direction of east.
    7. In which direction is Kohimaran and Shankaracharya Hills?
    Ans. Kohimaran and Shankaracharya Hills are situated on the south of the Srinagar.
    8. Which tributary of the Jhelum meets Dal Lake in Srinagar and Where?
    Ans. Vishav at Khanabal.
    9. Which places are joined by the Bye-pass road in Srinagar?
    Ans. Pantha Chowk, Hyderpora, Batamalo
    10. In which direction is the Jhelum flowing?
    Ans. North to south
    11. Name the fort and the hill-lock situated in Srinagar?
    Ans. Hari Parbat fort and Hari Parbat Hillock.
    12. Where is Iqbal park located?
    Ans. Iqbal Park is located near the Bakhshi Stadium Raj Bagh Srinagar.
    13. Name the centrally located market of Srinagar?
    Ans. Lal Chowk.
    14. Where and in which direction is Kashmir University located?
    Ans.  Kashmir University is located in west direction of Srinagar at Hazratbal.
    15. Where and in which direction is Raj Bhawan?
    Ans. Raj Bhawan is in the lap of Zabarwan Hill In the direction of west.
    16. Where is the secretariat located?
    Ans. Raj Bagh
    17. Where is the Jamia Masjid located?
    Ans. The Jamia Masjid of Srinagar is located at Nowhatta, in the middle of the old city.
    18. Name the districts touching the boundaries of Srinagar?
    Ans. District Budgam and District Baramulla.
    19. Name some main roads of Srinagar city?
    Ans. Main road Bemina, M A Road, Boulvard Road, Gupkar Road, Hazratbal Road.
    20. Name the highways passing through Srinagar?
    Ans. National Highway 1 (NH 1).
    21. Determine the local and standard time of Ssrinagar?
    Ans. Standard Time of Srinagar is UTC/GMT +5:30 Hours.
    22. Name the lakes of J&K?
    Ans. Kashmir Lake-Wular, Dal, Aanchar, Manasbal, Gangabal, Seshnag, Neelnag, Kausarnag; Ladakh Lake-Pangong; Jammu Lake-Mansar, Surinsar, Kailash.
    23. What is the distance between Srinagar and Jammu?
    Ans. 292.3 km
    24. What is the length of the Highway Srinagar-Kargil-Leh?
    Ans. 434 km
    25. In which direction are Srinagar, Sonamarg, Gulmarg, and Pahalgam located?
    Ans. Pahalgam-South-east direction, Sonamarag-North-west direction and Gulmarag-East.
    26. What is the distance and direction of Aman-Sethu from Srinagar?
    Ans. 20 km to the south.
    27. What is the population of Srinagar?
    Ans. 1269751 (Census 2011)
    28. What class of city is Srinagar?
    Ans. Srinagar is a world class wetland city.
    29. What are the major challenges faced by Srinagar?
    Ans.
    30. What do you know about the flood channel in Srinagar?
    Ans. There are many Flood-channels in Srinagar.The Flood Spill Channel was constructed in 1904 to relieve the strain on the Jhelum in the city of Srinagar. By taking 2/3rd of the total flow in the river it helps the river Jhelum to regulate its water level while passing through the city of Srinagar. The Jhelum rises during floods and the Channel saves the city from being flooded.
    31. What is the importance of Ram Munshibagh on the Jhelum?
    Ans. The main area of Ram Munshibagh is situated on river Jhelum, it alarms the disaster officials about the flood situation in Jhelum river.
    32. How far is Sangam from Srinagar?
    Ans. 50 km
    33. What do you know about the Weir site on the Jhelum?
    Ans. A weir is a sort of dam. There is a weir on the river Jhelum in Chattabal in Srinagar. It was built manually by British engineers. Also known as Chattabal Navigational Lock, the needle dam is aimed to maintain a constant water level in the Jehlum besides providing constant supply of fresh water to Dal Lake. Aesthetically, the Weir has tourism interest as well as navigation interest for the government.
    34. Which famous shrine is situated on the banks of Jhelum near Zaina Kadal?
    Ans. Shrine of Shah-e-Hamdan or Khanqaah-i-Moulla.
    35. Name the office complex on the Jhelum?
    Ans.
    36. Name the tourist attractions in Srinagar city and its vicinity?
    Ans. Some tourist attractions in the Srinagar and its vicinity are, Dal Lake, Nigin Lake, Shalimar Garden, Nishat Garden, Pari Mahal, Harvan Gardan, Gulmarag, Hari Parbat, Dachigam Parak etc.
    37. Where and in which direction of Srinagar is the famous cable car Gondola?
    Ans. Cable Car Gondola is in Gulmarag in the direction of west.
    38. Name famous drinking water supply schemes of Srinagar?
    Ans. Doodh Ganga Water Supply Scheme.
    39. Where from Srinagar gets its electric supply?
    Ans. Gandarbal

    40. Where is the Kashmir Haat located?
    Ans. Lal Chowk Srinagar.
    41. How many bridges on the Jhelum connect the parts of Srinagar?
    Ans. 7 Bridges.
    42. What are the other names of The Jhelum?
    Ans. Vitasta (Sanaskrit), Veyth (Kashmiri)
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